**Global Words in OED**

Global Flavors in the Oxford English Dictionary: From Kaya Toast to Gigil

Materials

8 days agoPWG Publications

Introduction to the Oxford English Dictionary Updates

The Oxford English Dictionary (OED), widely regarded as the most authoritative and comprehensive dictionary of the English language, has recently introduced a broad array of new words and phrases in its latest update. This update reflects the ever-evolving nature of language, incorporating words from diverse regions such as Southeast Asia, Ireland, and South Africa. The inclusion of these terms highlights not only the global influence on English but also the language's adaptability and dynamic nature.

New Asian Influences: Malaysian and Filipino English

Malaysian English Additions

Malaysian English has contributed significantly with the addition of several notable words:

Kaya Toast: A popular breakfast dish made with toasted bread, kaya (a coconut jam), and sometimes accompanied by eggs.
Kaya: The coconut jam itself, often used as a spread on toast.
Nasi Lemak: A traditional Malay dish of coconut milk rice, served with anchovies, peanuts, and a fried egg.
Fish Head Curry: A spicy curry dish made with fish heads.
Otak-Otak: A steamed fish cake served wrapped in leaves.

These additions showcase the rich culinary diversity of Malaysian culture and its increasing influence on global English.

Filipino English Additions

Filipino English has also enriched the dictionary with unique words:

Gigil: Refers to the intense feelings of excitement or frustration, often accompanied by a physical urge to squeeze or pinch someone out of love or playfulness.
CR: Short for "comfort room," a common term in the Philippines for a restroom or bathroom.
Lumpia: A Filipino version of spring rolls.
Videoke: A term used to describe karaoke sessions.
Thomasite: Refers to American teachers who arrived in the Philippines in 1901 and were known for their educational contributions.

These terms highlight the vibrancy and distinctiveness of Filipino culture and language.

Irish and South African Contributions

Irish English Additions

Irish English has added its own set of colorful expressions:

Class: Used as an adjective to express approval or quality.
Spice Bag: A takeaway meal consisting of fried chicken, chips, onions, and spices, originated in Dublin.
To Act the Maggot: An expression meaning to behave foolishly or annoyingly.

These words reflect the witty and humorous nature of Irish slang.

South African English Additions

South Africa has also contributed several engaging terms:

Yoh: An expressive interjection to convey surprise or shock.
Sharp-Sharp: Used as a greeting or to compliment someone's style.
Gatvol: Meaning full or fed up, often used to express frustration.

These words show the diversity of South African culture and its impact on the English language.

What This Means for Language and Culture

The inclusion of these international words in the OED reflects a broader cultural exchange and highlights how global communication trends are shaping English. Social media, travel, and integration of global communities have all played significant roles in popularizing these terms, making them an integral part of modern English vocabulary.

The Role of Globalization and Digital Media

Globalization and digital media have significantly accelerated the spread of new words across different cultures. Social platforms like Instagram and Facebook often play a crucial role in popularizing terms and making them part of mainstream language. The internet's ability to bridge geographical gaps has given diverse expressions a platform to be shared worldwide, fostering a more inclusive linguistic landscape.

Linguistic Diversity and Evolution

The OED's updates underscore the dynamic nature of the English language, which continually evolves as new ideas, technologies, and cultural influences emerge. This evolution not only broadens the language's vocabulary but also enriches its cultural tapestry, reflecting the complexity and richness of global interactions.

Conclusion

The latest update to the Oxford English Dictionary serves as a testament to the language's ability to absorb and integrate elements from around the world. The inclusion of kaya toast, gigil, and other international terms celebrates the linguistic diversity of our interconnected world and highlights the growing influence of global cultures on English.

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