Introduction to Operation Brahma

On March 28, 2025, Myanmar was struck by a devastating 7.7-magnitude earthquake, leaving thousands dead and displaced. In response to this dire situation, India swiftly launched Operation Brahma, a comprehensive humanitarian aid mission aimed at providing emergency assistance to the affected regions. This operation underscores India's commitment to regional stability and its role as a first responder in times of crisis.

Background of the Crisis in Myanmar

The earthquake, whose epicenter was located in Myanmar's central Sagaing region near Mandalay, caused widespread destruction, affecting not just Myanmar but also neighboring countries. The disaster has highlighted the need for effective disaster relief mechanisms in Southeast Asia. In response, India has deployed significant resources, including aircraft, naval ships, and specialized teams, under Operation Brahma.

Components of Operation Brahma

Air Relief Operations

• Initial Response: On March 29, India dispatched its first tranche of aid with a C-130J aircraft carrying 15 tons of relief materials, including tents, blankets, essential medicines, and food, which landed in Yangon[1].
• SAR Operations: Subsequent flights involved the airlifting of an 80-member team from the National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) along with rescue dogs to assist in search and rescue operations in Mandalay[2][4].
• Medical Assistance: A 118-member team from the Indian Army Field Hospital was flown in on two IAF C-17 aircraft, setting up a 200-bed field hospital in Mandalay, equipped with rapid deployable surgical and medical facilities, water sanitation services, and specialized care for women and children[1].

Naval Relief Operations

• Relief Shipments: The Indian Navy deployed ships like INS Satpura and INS Savitri to Yangon with over 50 tons of humanitarian aid, including essential clothing, drinking water, and emergency supplies[3].
• Food Assistance: Indian Naval Ship Gharial was dispatched with 442 MT of food aid, including rice, cooking oil, biscuits, and instant noodles, to address the immediate food needs of the affected population[1].

Strategic Significance and Bilateral Relations

Operation Brahma is not just a humanitarian mission but also a strategic move that strengthens India's bilateral ties with Myanmar. It reinforces India's commitment to its Neighbourhood First and Act East policies, solidifying its role as a key regional player in Southeast Asia.

Neighbourhood First Policy

This policy emphasizes building strong relations with neighboring countries through strategic and economic partnerships. By being the first responder in crises like the Myanmar earthquake, India demonstrates its capacity to provide swift and effective aid, enhancing regional trust and cooperation.

Act East Policy

Launched in 2014, the Act East Policy focuses on strengthening economic and cultural ties with Southeast Asian nations, particularly through the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). Operation Brahma reflects a significant step towards fulfilling these objectives by showcasing India's capabilities in disaster relief and humanitarian assistance.

Impact and Future Commitments

As of now, India has delivered over 625 metric tons of humanitarian aid through its six aircraft and five naval ships under Operation Brahma[1]. The operation has been well-received by Myanmar, with both countries expressing gratitude for the mutual support during this challenging period.

India's commitment under Operation Brahma is ongoing, with plans to deploy more resources as needed, further affirming India's role as a reliable partner in regional humanitarian crises.

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