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Energy
Estonia is poised to make a significant leap in its energy sector as Fermi Energia, a pioneering Estonian company, and Samsung C&T Corporation, a renowned South Korean engineering and construction giant, have entered into a landmark partnership. This collaboration aims to develop and deploy Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) in Estonia, marking a crucial step towards enhancing energy independence and embracing climate neutrality. The project involves the construction of two cutting-edge BWRX-300 SMRs, designed by GE Hitachi Nuclear Energy, with a combined output of up to 600 megawatts electric.
Fermi Energia was founded by seasoned Estonian energy experts in 2019 with a bold vision: to introduce SMRs to Estonia. This mission is driven by the need to bolster regional energy security, accelerate decarbonization, and provide stable and affordable electricity across the Baltic region[5]. Fermi Energia's project is the only SMR initiative currently underway in the Baltics, positioning it as a cornerstone for clean energy in the region.
The Baltic region, which includes Estonia, faces significant energy challenges. The region imports a substantial portion of its electricity, with imports accounting for 43% of total consumption in 2023[5]. Moreover, electricity prices in the Baltics are higher compared to Nordic countries, making it essential to develop local, reliable baseload capacity[5]. SMRs offer a cost-effective, price-stable alternative that can help stabilize the regional energy market.
The partnership between Fermi Energia and Samsung C&T is built on a teaming agreement signed in Seoul. This collaboration leverages Samsung C&T’s extensive experience in large-scale power construction and nuclear technology to ensure a successful and timely deployment of SMRs in Estonia[1][2]. Key aspects of the agreement include:
The BWRX-300 SMR, designed by GE Hitachi, is a 300 MWe water-cooled reactor that employs natural circulation and features passive safety systems. It builds upon the design and licensing basis of GEH’s ESBWR boiling water reactor, emphasizing safety, reliability, and cost-effectiveness[1][4]. This technology is highly regarded for its ability to provide a flexible and scalable alternative to traditional nuclear reactors.
Estonia’s journey towards nuclear energy gained momentum in June 2023 when the Estonian parliament passed a resolution supporting the adoption of nuclear power. This decision was based on analyses conducted by the Nuclear Energy Working Group, which concluded that nuclear energy could be feasible for Estonia[1]. The resolution paved the way for legal and regulatory frameworks necessary for nuclear energy development.
The collaboration between Fermi Energia and Samsung C&T not only advances Estonia's nuclear ambitions but also marks a significant step in Samsung C&T's expansion into the European SMR market. It highlights the potential of SMRs to play a pivotal role in European energy strategies, offering a pathway towards reduced carbon emissions and enhanced energy resilience.
As the world moves towards cleaner, more sustainable energy sources, technologies like SMRs are emerging as key solutions. Samsung C&T's involvement in Estonia, combined with ongoing projects in Romania and Sweden, underscores its commitment to shaping the future of nuclear energy in Europe[3]. The company's strategic ambition to engage in at least 10-15 BWRX-300 projects across Northern Europe showcases a broader vision for regional energy transition.
The partnership between Fermi Energia and Samsung C&T is a beacon of progress in the push towards sustainable energy solutions. By developing cutting-edge nuclear technology, Estonia is not only enhancing its own energy security but also contributing to a cleaner and more resilient energy landscape across the region. As SMRs continue to gain momentum globally, this project stands as a testament to collaboration and innovation in the quest for a low-carbon future.